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Annuities, without the jargon

An annuity is a contract with an insurance company: you give them money, and in return they give you a guarantee. That is the whole idea. The rest is just choosing which guarantee fits your life. Here is every type, explained in plain English, with the downsides included.

The fine print, in plain sight

What decides whether an annuity is worth it?

These four topics are where good and bad annuities separate. We put them up front, not in a footnote.

Immediate or deferred? An immediate annuity (a SPIA) starts paying within about a year of purchase; a deferred annuity grows first and pays later. Every type above is one or the other, and the timeline you need decides which. Our income annuity guide walks the choice.
Common questions

The questions people ask first

What is an annuity?
An annuity is a contract with an insurance company: you pay a premium, and the insurer makes a guarantee in return, a fixed rate, index-linked growth, or income for life. It is not a bank product and not FDIC insured; the promise is backed by the insurer's claims-paying ability, which is why carrier ratings matter.
What are the different types of annuities?
Seven show up in practice: MYGA, plain fixed, fixed index, income (SPIA and DIA), QLAC, RILA, and variable. The first five protect your principal from market losses; RILA and variable put some or all of it at market risk in exchange for more upside. Each card above opens the plain-English guide.
What is the difference between an immediate and a deferred annuity?
An immediate annuity converts a lump sum into income that starts within about a year of purchase. A deferred annuity grows first, often for years, before you take income or withdrawals. Most annuity types can be bought either way, so the timeline you need decides which one fits.
Fixed vs variable vs indexed annuity: what's the difference?
A fixed annuity pays a set rate. A variable annuity invests in market subaccounts and can lose principal. A fixed index annuity sits between the two: principal protected, with growth linked to an index inside caps and floors.
What are annuity riders?
Riders are optional add-ons, bought for an annual fee, that bolt an extra promise onto the contract: guaranteed lifetime income, an enhanced death benefit, or long-term-care help. Some genuinely earn their cost and many do not, so read our riders guide before paying for one.
How are annuities taxed?
Growth is tax-deferred, and withdrawn gains are typically taxed as ordinary income. Qualified and non-qualified money follow different rules, and withdrawals before age 59 and a half may add a 10 percent IRS penalty. Our guide to how annuities are taxed walks every path.
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